Cave city
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Cappadocia, Türkiye, is famed for its 'fairy chimneys,' pillars of soft tuff formed from compacted volcanic ash. Starting with the Hittites about 3,800 years back, people have dug innumerable caves into the tuff. Serving as homes, churches, and even entire underground communities, the caves gave protection from frequent raids in this former crossroads of empires. Marked by ancient carvings and wall art, many of Cappadocia's caves are used as dwellings or lodging even today.