A lava flow hits water to create an explosion as a tourist boat passes, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, USA

© Patrick Kelley/Getty Image

Where fire meets water

'Keep your distance' might be the mantra for 2020, but here at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on the largest Hawaiian island, it's always been good advice. Especially so for the passengers on this tour boat, as they witness a red-hot lava flow hitting the chilly ocean with a tremendous explosion of steam.

This US park was founded on 1 August, 1916. It's centred around two volcanic systems: Mauna Loa, one of the world's biggest volcanoes, and the highly active Kīlauea, which erupted continually from 1983 until an explosive 2018 eruption that calmed it down - for the time being.